Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

What It Is

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive development of numerous fluid-filled cysts in both kidneys. Over decades, these cysts enlarge, increase total kidney volume, cause flank pain and hypertension, and gradually compress healthy filtering tissue.

How Our Specialists Help

We provide comprehensive disease staging, calculate Mayo Imaging Classification using magnetic resonance (MRI) or CT to evaluate Total Kidney Volume (TKV), and assess candidates for FDA-approved disease-modifying therapy (tolvaptan/Jynarque). We also screen for extra-renal manifestations such as intracranial aneurysms and liver cysts.

Diagnostic Workup & Testing

We avoid redundant testing by reviewing recent records first, ordering only targeted diagnostic studies:

• High-resolution Renal MRI or Contrast-free CT with Total Kidney Volume (TKV) calculation
• Genetic testing for PKD1 and PKD2 mutations when clinical diagnostic clarification is needed
• Screening magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for intracranial aneurysms in high-risk patients
• Serial eGFR and blood pressure tracking

Evidence-Based Treatment Pathways

Modern renal medicine focuses on preserving existing nephrons and preventing complications:

• Evaluation and prescribing of Tolvaptan (Jynarque) to slow cyst growth in rapid progressors
• Strict blood pressure management with target <120/80 mmHg
• Structured high-fluid hydration protocols to suppress endogenous vasopressin
• Dietary sodium restriction and low-osmolar dietary guidance

Common Symptoms to Monitor

• Dull ache or fullness in the back or sides (flank pain)
• High blood pressure at a young age
• Episodes of sudden sharp pain or blood in urine from cyst rupture
• Frequent urinary tract or kidney cyst infections